fix: reduce status flapping, add IPv6 ping, color manual web services

Addresses three reports from issue #196:

- Ping now sends 2 probes with a ~2s timeout (was 1 probe / 1s) so a
  single dropped packet or a slow IoT/ESPHome device no longer flaps a
  node offline (#196.1, #196.2).
- IPv6-only devices (e.g. Alexa) are now pinged over IPv6: ping6 on
  macOS, -6 flag on Linux/Windows, detected via inet_pton (#196.3).
- Manually-added services carry no category and so always rendered grey
  even when they were reachable HTTP/HTTPS. A resolvable web URL now
  falls back to the web colour (#196.9).

ha-relevant: yes

backend/app/services/status_checker.py

@@ -64,17 +64,35 @@ async def check_node(check_method: str, target: str | None, ip: str | None) -> d
         return {"status": "offline", "response_time_ms": None}
 
 
+def _is_ipv6(host: str) -> bool:
+    """True if host is a literal IPv6 address (bracketed or bare)."""
+    try:
+        socket.inet_pton(socket.AF_INET6, host.strip("[]"))
+        return True
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
 async def _ping(host: str) -> bool:
-    # ping(8) -W flag units differ by OS:
-    #   Linux:   seconds        (-W 1   = 1s)
-    #   macOS:   milliseconds   (-W 1   = 1ms — fails for any RTT >1ms)
-    #   Windows: -w in ms       (-w 1000 = 1s)
+    # Send 2 probes with a ~2s timeout so a single dropped packet or a slow
+    # device (ESPHome, IoT) doesn't flap a node offline. Success = any reply.
+    #
+    # -W flag units differ by OS:
+    #   Linux:   seconds        (-W 2   = 2s)
+    #   macOS:   milliseconds   (-W 2000 = 2s)
+    #   Windows: -w in ms       (-w 2000 = 2s)
+    #
+    # IPv6-only hosts (e.g. Alexa) never answer IPv4 ping, so target the right
+    # stack: macOS ships a separate ping6; Linux/Windows take a -6 flag.
+    ipv6 = _is_ipv6(host)
     if sys.platform == "win32":
-        args = ["ping", "-n", "1", "-w", "1000", host]
+        family = ["-6"] if ipv6 else ["-4"]
+        args = ["ping", *family, "-n", "2", "-w", "2000", host]
     elif sys.platform == "darwin":
-        args = ["ping", "-c", "1", "-W", "1000", host]
+        args = ["ping6", "-c", "2", host] if ipv6 else ["ping", "-c", "2", "-W", "2000", host]
     else:
-        args = ["ping", "-c", "1", "-W", "1", host]
+        family = ["-6"] if ipv6 else []
+        args = ["ping", *family, "-c", "2", "-W", "2", host]
     proc = await asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(
         *args,
         stdout=asyncio.subprocess.DEVNULL,

backend/tests/test_status_checker.py

@@ -169,9 +169,14 @@ async def test_ping_uses_unix_args_on_non_windows():
     assert "-c" in captured["args"]
     assert "-W" in captured["args"]
     assert "-n" not in captured["args"]
-    # Linux: -W is in seconds; 1s is the intended timeout
+    # 2 probes so a single dropped packet doesn't flap the node offline
+    c_idx = captured["args"].index("-c")
+    assert captured["args"][c_idx + 1] == "2"
+    # Linux: -W is in seconds; 2s is the intended timeout
     w_idx = captured["args"].index("-W")
-    assert captured["args"][w_idx + 1] == "1"
+    assert captured["args"][w_idx + 1] == "2"
+    # IPv4 target → no -6 flag
+    assert "-6" not in captured["args"]
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -193,7 +198,7 @@ async def test_ping_uses_macos_millisecond_timeout():
     assert "-c" in captured["args"]
     assert "-W" in captured["args"]
     w_idx = captured["args"].index("-W")
-    assert captured["args"][w_idx + 1] == "1000"
+    assert captured["args"][w_idx + 1] == "2000"
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -216,6 +221,75 @@ async def test_ping_uses_windows_args_on_win32():
     assert "-c" not in captured["args"]
 
 
+# --- _ping IPv6 support ---
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ping_ipv6_linux_uses_dash6():
+    """IPv6-only devices (e.g. Alexa) need ping -6 on Linux."""
+    captured = {}
+
+    async def fake_exec(*args, **kwargs):
+        captured["args"] = args
+        proc = MagicMock()
+        proc.returncode = 0
+        proc.wait = AsyncMock()
+        return proc
+
+    with patch("app.services.status_checker.sys.platform", "linux"), \
+         patch("asyncio.create_subprocess_exec", side_effect=fake_exec):
+        await _ping("fe80::1")
+
+    assert "-6" in captured["args"]
+    assert captured["args"][-1] == "fe80::1"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ping_ipv6_macos_uses_ping6():
+    """macOS ships a separate ping6 binary for IPv6 targets."""
+    captured = {}
+
+    async def fake_exec(*args, **kwargs):
+        captured["args"] = args
+        proc = MagicMock()
+        proc.returncode = 0
+        proc.wait = AsyncMock()
+        return proc
+
+    with patch("app.services.status_checker.sys.platform", "darwin"), \
+         patch("asyncio.create_subprocess_exec", side_effect=fake_exec):
+        await _ping("2001:db8::1")
+
+    assert captured["args"][0] == "ping6"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_ping_ipv6_windows_uses_dash6():
+    captured = {}
+
+    async def fake_exec(*args, **kwargs):
+        captured["args"] = args
+        proc = MagicMock()
+        proc.returncode = 0
+        proc.wait = AsyncMock()
+        return proc
+
+    with patch("app.services.status_checker.sys.platform", "win32"), \
+         patch("asyncio.create_subprocess_exec", side_effect=fake_exec):
+        await _ping("2001:db8::1")
+
+    assert "-6" in captured["args"]
+
+
+def test_is_ipv6_detection():
+    from app.services.status_checker import _is_ipv6
+
+    assert _is_ipv6("fe80::1") is True
+    assert _is_ipv6("2001:db8::1") is True
+    assert _is_ipv6("[2001:db8::1]") is True
+    assert _is_ipv6("192.168.1.1") is False
+    assert _is_ipv6("example.local") is False
+
+
 # --- check_node target validation ---
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio

frontend/src/components/panels/DetailPanel.tsx

@@ -675,7 +675,9 @@ const CATEGORY_COLORS: Record<string, string> = {
 
 function ServiceBadge({ svc, host, onEdit, onRemove }: { svc: ServiceInfo; host?: string; onEdit: () => void; onRemove: () => void }) {
   const url = getServiceUrl(svc, host)
-  const color = CATEGORY_COLORS[svc.category ?? ''] ?? '#8b949e'
+  // Manually-added services carry no category, so they fell back to grey even
+  // when they're reachable HTTP/HTTPS. Treat any resolvable web URL as `web`.
+  const color = CATEGORY_COLORS[svc.category ?? ''] ?? (url ? CATEGORY_COLORS.web : '#8b949e')
   const pathLabel = svc.path?.trim() ? svc.path.trim() : ''
 
   return (

frontend/src/components/panels/__tests__/DetailPanel.test.tsx

@@ -502,6 +502,25 @@ describe('DetailPanel', () => {
       render(<DetailPanel onEdit={vi.fn()} />)
       expect(screen.getByText('health').tagName).not.toBe('A')
     })
+
+    it('colors a categoryless but reachable web service blue, not grey', () => {
+      setupStore({ ip: '192.168.1.10', services: [{ port: 8080, protocol: 'tcp', service_name: 'nginx', path: '' }] })
+      render(<DetailPanel onEdit={vi.fn()} />)
+      const link = screen.getByRole('link', { name: 'nginx' })
+      expect(link.style.color).toBe('rgb(0, 212, 255)') // #00d4ff (web)
+    })
+
+    it('keeps a categoryless unreachable service grey', () => {
+      setupStore({ ip: undefined, services: [{ protocol: 'tcp', service_name: 'health', path: '' }] })
+      render(<DetailPanel onEdit={vi.fn()} />)
+      expect(screen.getByText('health').style.color).toBe('rgb(139, 148, 158)') // #8b949e
+    })
+
+    it('respects an explicit category over the url fallback', () => {
+      setupStore({ ip: '192.168.1.10', services: [{ port: 5432, protocol: 'tcp', service_name: 'pg', category: 'database', path: '' }] })
+      render(<DetailPanel onEdit={vi.fn()} />)
+      expect(screen.getByText('pg').style.color).toBe('rgb(168, 85, 247)') // #a855f7 (database)
+    })
   })
 
   describe('Last Seen formatting', () => {