fix: return 401 (not 500) when bcrypt hash is malformed (#21)

- verify_password catches ValueError from passlib so a mangled hash
  ($ signs stripped by shell/Docker) returns False instead of crashing
- Settings.check_password_hash logs a clear startup error with fix
  instructions when AUTH_PASSWORD_HASH doesn't start with '$2'

backend/app/core/config.py

@@ -1,8 +1,12 @@
 import json
+import logging
 from pathlib import Path
 
+from pydantic import model_validator
 from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings, SettingsConfigDict
 
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
 
 class Settings(BaseSettings):
     model_config = SettingsConfigDict(env_file=".env", env_file_encoding="utf-8")
@@ -19,6 +23,17 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
     auth_username: str = "admin"
     auth_password_hash: str = ""
 
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def check_password_hash(self) -> "Settings":
+        h = self.auth_password_hash
+        if h and not h.startswith("$2"):
+            logger.error(
+                "AUTH_PASSWORD_HASH looks invalid (does not start with '$2b$'). "
+                "bcrypt hashes contain '$' signs — wrap the value in single quotes "
+                "in your .env file: AUTH_PASSWORD_HASH='$2b$12$...'"
+            )
+        return self
+
     # Scanner
     scanner_ranges: list[str] = ["192.168.1.0/24"]
 

backend/app/core/security.py

@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@ pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")
 
 
 def verify_password(plain: str, hashed: str) -> bool:
-    return bool(pwd_context.verify(plain, hashed))
+    try:
+        return bool(pwd_context.verify(plain, hashed))
+    except ValueError:
+        return False
 
 
 def hash_password(password: str) -> str: