tools: fmt=5 index codec — deployable bytes for the E8/IQ3 container (#452 step 2)
#453 settled the scheme; this produces the actual bytes. iq3_pack.encode/decode implement the container layout so the converter, the engine and the decode kernels can all be written against one spec: 98 bytes per 256 weights = 3.0625 bpw [ 0..63] uint8 grid index per 4-dim magnitude block [64..95] uint32 x8 — four 7-bit sign words + 4-bit sub-scale per 32 [96..97] fp16 super-scale Signs use the published odd-parity trick: 7 of every 8 are stored and the 8th is derived, so the encoder flips the smallest-magnitude weight of any block whose true signs would violate parity — the cost the #453 ablation priced in, now actually paid. Sub-scale is searched over all 16 codes against the stored (fp16-rounded) super-scale, so encode-time and decode-time arithmetic agree. GLM-5.2 routed experts under this container: 372.7 -> 281.2 GB (-24.6%), and a 176 GB VRAM tier holds ~12,180 experts instead of ~9,190 (+33%). tests/test_iq3_pack.py: byte budget, deterministic encode, decode checked value-by-value against an independent loop-based reader written straight from the layout, sign-parity closure, and reconstruction quality in the band the chosen scheme measured (rel-RMSE 0.195 vs the torch model's 0.195).
This commit is contained in:
ZacharyZcR
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"""fmt=5 codec oracle (#452 ladder step 2).
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Checks the properties the container, the converter and the decode kernels all
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depend on: exact byte budget, deterministic encode, decode agreeing with a
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straight-from-the-spec reader, sign parity closure, and reconstruction quality
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matching the ablation that chose this scheme (#453).
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"""
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import os
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import sys
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import unittest
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import numpy as np
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sys.path.insert(0, os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "..", "tools"))
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import iq3_pack as P # noqa: E402
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def ref_decode(packed, K):
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"""Independent reader written straight from the layout comment — deliberately
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naive and loop-based, so a shared bug in the vectorized path shows up."""
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g = P.grid()
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nsb = K // P.QK
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rows = packed.reshape(-1, nsb * P.BLOCK_BYTES)
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out = np.zeros((len(rows), K), dtype=np.float32)
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for r in range(len(rows)):
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for sb in range(nsb):
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base = sb * P.BLOCK_BYTES
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d = float(rows[r, base + 96:base + 98].copy().view(np.float16)[0])
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for ib in range(P.QK // P.SUB):
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word = int(np.ascontiguousarray(
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rows[r, base + 64 + ib * 4:base + 64 + ib * 4 + 4]).view(np.uint32)[0])
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db = d * (0.5 + ((word >> 28) & 0xF)) * 0.5
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for l in range(4):
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seven = (word >> (7 * l)) & 0x7F
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bits = [(seven >> j) & 1 for j in range(7)]
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bits.append(sum(bits) & 1) # odd parity closes the 8th
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idx = int(rows[r, base + ib * 8 + l * 2 + 0])
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idx2 = int(rows[r, base + ib * 8 + l * 2 + 1])
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mags = list(g[idx]) + list(g[idx2])
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for j in range(8):
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pos = sb * P.QK + ib * P.SUB + l * 8 + j
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out[r, pos] = mags[j] * db * (-1.0 if bits[j] else 1.0)
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return out
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class TestIq3Pack(unittest.TestCase):
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def setUp(self):
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np.random.seed(4242)
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self.x = (np.random.randn(6, 1024) * 0.05).astype(np.float32)
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def test_byte_budget(self):
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self.assertEqual(P.BLOCK_BYTES, 98)
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self.assertAlmostEqual(P.bpw(), 3.0625, places=6)
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packed = P.encode(self.x)
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self.assertEqual(packed.shape, (6, 1024 // P.QK * 98))
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self.assertEqual(packed.dtype, np.uint8)
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def test_encode_is_deterministic(self):
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self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(P.encode(self.x), P.encode(self.x)))
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def test_decode_matches_spec_reader(self):
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packed = P.encode(self.x)
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fast = P.decode(packed, 1024)
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slow = ref_decode(packed, 1024)
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self.assertTrue(np.allclose(fast, slow, rtol=1e-6, atol=1e-8),
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f"max |Δ| = {np.abs(fast - slow).max()}")
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def test_sign_parity_closes(self):
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"""Every 8-weight block must have an even number of negatives — that is
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what lets the 8th sign be derived instead of stored."""
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y = P.decode(P.encode(self.x), 1024)
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neg = (y < 0).reshape(-1, 8).sum(-1)
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self.assertTrue(np.all(neg % 2 == 0), "a block stored odd negatives")
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def test_reconstruction_quality(self):
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y = P.decode(P.encode(self.x), 1024)
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rel = np.sqrt(((y - self.x) ** 2).mean()) / np.sqrt((self.x ** 2).mean())
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# the torch model that won the #453 A/B measures ~0.195 on this input class
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self.assertLess(rel, 0.25, f"rel-RMSE {rel:.4f} — worse than the chosen scheme")
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self.assertGreater(rel, 0.05, f"rel-RMSE {rel:.4f} — implausibly good, check the test")
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def test_shape_guard(self):
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with self.assertRaises(ValueError):
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P.encode(np.zeros((2, 300), dtype=np.float32))
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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unittest.main()
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#!/usr/bin/env python3
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"""fmt=5 (E8/IQ3 grouped container) index codec — #452 ladder step 2.
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The ablation (#453) proved the SCHEME: an IQ3_XXS-style codebook plus rotation
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matches our simulated E8 ball (51.5% vs 51.5% on OLMoE). That code quantizes to
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lattice points and keeps floats. This module produces the DEPLOYABLE bytes and
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reads them back, so the container, the converter and the decode kernels all
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agree on one layout.
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Layout — one 256-weight super-block, 98 bytes, 3.0625 bpw:
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[0 .. 63] uint8 grid index per 4-dim magnitude block (64 blocks)
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[64 .. 95] uint32 x8, one per 32-weight sub-block:
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bits 0..20 three 7-bit sign words (8 weights each,
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bit i set => weight i negative; the 8th sign
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is implied by odd parity)
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bits 21..27 the fourth 7-bit sign word
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bits 28..31 4-bit sub-scale code
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[96 .. 97] fp16 super-scale d
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value(w) = d * (0.5 + code) * 0.5 * grid[idx][j] * 0.5 * sign
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The last 0.5 is the half-unit convention of the published grid (magnitudes are
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stored doubled: 4,12,...,62 mean 2.0,6.0,...,31.0).
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Odd-parity signs: llama.cpp stores 7 of every 8 signs and derives the 8th so the
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product of the eight is +1. The encoder therefore flips the smallest-magnitude
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weight of any block whose true signs violate that — the same cost the ablation
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priced in, now applied for real.
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"""
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import json
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import os
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import numpy as np
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QK = 256 # weights per super-block
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SUB = 32 # weights per sub-block (one uint32 of signs+scale)
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BLOCK_BYTES = QK // 4 + (QK // SUB) * 4 + 2 # 64 + 32 + 2 = 98
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_GRID = None
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def grid():
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"""[256,4] float32 magnitudes in weight units (published table is doubled)."""
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global _GRID
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if _GRID is None:
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path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "iq3xxs_grid.json")
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_GRID = np.asarray(json.load(open(path)), dtype=np.float32) * 0.5
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return _GRID
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def _nearest(mag4):
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"""[N,4] magnitudes -> [N] grid indices, argmin ||m-g||^2 without cdist."""
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g = grid()
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g2 = (g * g).sum(1)
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out = np.empty(len(mag4), dtype=np.uint8)
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for i in range(0, len(mag4), 1 << 16): # bounded working set
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c = mag4[i:i + (1 << 16)]
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out[i:i + len(c)] = np.argmin(g2 - 2.0 * (c @ g.T), axis=1).astype(np.uint8)
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return out
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def encode(x):
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"""float32 [..., K] (K % 256 == 0) -> packed uint8 [..., K//256 * 98]."""
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x = np.ascontiguousarray(x, dtype=np.float32)
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K = x.shape[-1]
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if K % QK:
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raise ValueError(f"fmt=5 needs K % {QK} == 0, got {K}")
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rows = x.reshape(-1, K)
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nsb = K // QK
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out = np.empty((len(rows), nsb * BLOCK_BYTES), dtype=np.uint8)
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for sb in range(nsb):
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blk = rows[:, sb * QK:(sb + 1) * QK] # [R,256]
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sign = np.where(blk < 0, -1.0, 1.0).astype(np.float32)
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mag = np.abs(blk)
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# parity fix: flip the smallest magnitude of every 8 whose product is -1
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s8 = sign.reshape(len(rows), QK // 8, 8)
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m8 = mag.reshape(len(rows), QK // 8, 8)
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viol = s8.prod(-1) < 0 # [R,32]
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amin = m8.argmin(-1)
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r, b = np.nonzero(viol)
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s8[r, b, amin[r, b]] *= -1.0
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sign = s8.reshape(len(rows), QK)
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base = sb * BLOCK_BYTES
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# super-scale: RMS anchor, same statistic the ablation searches around
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d = np.sqrt((mag * mag).mean(-1, keepdims=True)) / 20.0 + 1e-12
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out[:, base + 96:base + 98] = d.astype(np.float16).view(np.uint8)
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d = d.astype(np.float16).astype(np.float32) # encode what we store
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g = grid()
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for ib in range(QK // SUB):
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m = mag[:, ib * SUB:(ib + 1) * SUB] # [R,32]
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best_err = None
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best = None
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for code in range(16):
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db = d * (0.5 + code) * 0.5
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q = (m / np.maximum(db, 1e-20)).reshape(-1, 4)
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idx = _nearest(q)
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rec = g[idx].reshape(len(rows), SUB) * db
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err = ((rec - m) ** 2).sum(-1, keepdims=True)
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if best_err is None:
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best_err, best = err, (idx.reshape(len(rows), SUB // 4), code)
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else:
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take = (err < best_err)[:, 0]
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if take.any():
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keep_idx, keep_code = best
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ni = idx.reshape(len(rows), SUB // 4)
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keep_idx = np.where(take[:, None], ni, keep_idx)
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# per-row code: store alongside, resolved below
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keep_code = np.where(take, code, keep_code) if isinstance(
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keep_code, np.ndarray) else np.where(
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take, code, np.full(len(rows), keep_code))
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best = (keep_idx, keep_code)
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best_err = np.where(take[:, None], err, best_err)
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bidx, bcode = best
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if not isinstance(bcode, np.ndarray):
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bcode = np.full(len(rows), bcode)
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out[:, base + ib * 8:base + (ib + 1) * 8] = bidx.astype(np.uint8)
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# signs: four 7-bit words for this sub-block + the 4-bit code
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s = sign[:, ib * SUB:(ib + 1) * SUB].reshape(len(rows), 4, 8)
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neg = (s < 0).astype(np.uint32)
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word = np.zeros(len(rows), dtype=np.uint32)
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for l in range(4):
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seven = np.zeros(len(rows), dtype=np.uint32)
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for j in range(7):
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seven |= neg[:, l, j] << j
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word |= seven << (7 * l)
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word |= (bcode.astype(np.uint32) & 0xF) << 28
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off = base + QK // 4 + ib * 4
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out[:, off:off + 4] = word.view(np.uint8).reshape(len(rows), 4) if False else \
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np.ascontiguousarray(word).view(np.uint8).reshape(len(rows), 4)
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return out.reshape(*x.shape[:-1], nsb * BLOCK_BYTES)
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def decode(packed, K):
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"""packed uint8 [..., K//256*98] -> float32 [..., K]. The kernels' reference."""
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packed = np.ascontiguousarray(packed, dtype=np.uint8)
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nsb = K // QK
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rows = packed.reshape(-1, nsb * BLOCK_BYTES)
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out = np.empty((len(rows), K), dtype=np.float32)
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g = grid()
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for sb in range(nsb):
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base = sb * BLOCK_BYTES
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d = rows[:, base + 96:base + 98].copy().view(np.float16).astype(np.float32)
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for ib in range(QK // SUB):
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idx = rows[:, base + ib * 8:base + (ib + 1) * 8] # [R,8]
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off = base + QK // 4 + ib * 4
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word = np.ascontiguousarray(rows[:, off:off + 4]).view(np.uint32).reshape(-1)
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code = (word >> 28) & 0xF
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db = d[:, 0] * (0.5 + code) * 0.5 # [R]
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mag = g[idx].reshape(len(rows), SUB) # [R,32]
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sgn = np.ones((len(rows), 4, 8), dtype=np.float32)
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for l in range(4):
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seven = (word >> (7 * l)) & 0x7F
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par = 0
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for j in range(7):
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bit = (seven >> j) & 1
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sgn[:, l, j] = np.where(bit == 1, -1.0, 1.0)
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par ^= bit
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sgn[:, l, 7] = np.where(par == 1, -1.0, 1.0) # odd parity closes the block
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out[:, sb * QK + ib * SUB:sb * QK + (ib + 1) * SUB] = \
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mag * sgn.reshape(len(rows), SUB) * db[:, None]
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return out.reshape(*packed.shape[:-1], K)
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def bpw():
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return BLOCK_BYTES * 8 / QK
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